Which apparatus are used during sowing

The seed to seed distance depends upon size of the polygon plate to which jaws are attached. This implement costs Rs. It covers 0. It is an attachment made for the bullock drawn CIAE multi-purpose tool frame and suitable for sowing wheat, gram, pea, soybean, sorghum and pigeon pea.

It can apply granular fertilizers like urea and DAP. The hopper has compartments for fertilizer and seeds and the ground wheel is a floating type thus enabling uniform seed placement even when the soil surface is not properly leveled. Seed metering device is of flutted rollers type and furrow openers are of shoe type. Separate side wheels allow accurate adjustment of the seed drill attachment and are also useful for transportation. The field capacity of the implement is 0.

It is an animal drawn simple, light weight and compact machine to sow crops like wheat, gram, sorghum, soybean, lentil, pea, sunflower, safflower etc. It consists of tubular steel section frame on which various components are mounted.

The seed box is of mild steel and the metering mechanism uses aluminum-fluted rollers. The furrow openers are of shoe type and are made of medium carbon steel hardened and tempered for opening the furrow and placing the seeds at desired depth. The ground wheel provides the power needed for operating the seed metering mechanism and a pair of idler wheels on either side help in proper adjustment of depth of seed placement.

A lever mechanism is also provided for raising and lowering the ground wheel on turns. A pair of bullocks can easily pull the implement. The working width of the machine is mm. The share is made of medium carbon steel or alloy steel, hardened and tempered to suitable hardness.

The machine makes two beds. It can sow two or three rows of wheat on each bed. It has seed metering unit of vertical disc type. The draft requirement of the machine is reduced due to roller type bed shaper.

A planting attachment has also been made with the machine for sowing maize, groundnut, cotton etc on the beds. The field capacity of machine is 0.

The approximate cost of equipment is Rs. The cost of operation is about Rs. The planter consists of a frame with tool bar, modular seed boxes, furrow openers and ground drive wheel system. It has six modular design seed boxes with independent inclined plate type seed metering mechanism.

For operation, the seed is filled in the hopper, seeds are picked up by the cells of inclined plate and delivered in the opening connected to furrow opener through seed tubes. Shoe type furrow openers ensure deep seed placement in moist zone for sowing under dryland condition. The plant to plant spacing can be varied by changing the transmission ratio. The drive to seed metering mechanism is transmitted from ground drive wheel through chain and sprockets.

It can be adopted for sowing intercrop on broad beds. The field capacity of the equipment is 0. The approximate cost of the equipment is Rs. The cost of operation is Rs. It is a whole stick sugarcane cutter planter and consists of ridger body attached to frame to create furrows, sett cutting unit, fertilizer application unit, chemical application unit, sett covering unit and seed box. The planter is PTO driven and mounted from three point linkage system of a tractor.

The cutting of the cane of mm length is done automatically in the machine and setts are treated with insecticides at the cutting point. The pesticide is also sprayed at the ends of sett in the furrows. The sett placed in the furrow is covered immediately after the treatment, the furrow is closed and rows are leveled by the leveler provided in the machine. The cost of operation of equipment is Rs. The sowing of seed spices is mainly done by broadcasting method or drilled in small plots at a spacing of mm and depth of mm.

A 7 row multi-crop planter with individual hopper boxes with seed metering mechanism mounted on a common frame with fertilizer drilling attachment was developed at MPUAT, Udaipur. The seed metering mechanism of star wheel plastic was made of circular rotor of 90 mm diameter with 10 cells of 20 mm length.

The height of seed dropping from hopper was kept at mm to get the placement of seeds at a depth of mm. A hydroseeder combines water, seed, fertilizer and, sometimes, hydromulch into a mix that is then pumped through a nozzle and sprayed uniformly over the area to be seeded. The use of hydromulch assists in seed placement and helps to reduce erosion on slopes.

Depending on site Conditions, the use of erosion control blankets or straw mulch may be needed to cover the seed. Many native seeds should be broadcast with little mulch in the mix. A small amount of mulch can be applied with the seed as a marker, but must be limited to a minimum as native seeds will not germinate if suspended in the mulch with little or no seed-to-soil contact.

A secondary application of mulch may be applied on top. A broadcast seeder consists of a hopper with a material regulating system in the bottom that feeds material either onto a spinner or directly onto the soil.

This system is commonly used to spread seed, fertilizer, lime and other granular products. Some materials have difficulty getting through the regulating mechanism in some broadcast seeders. For these systems, the use of a flow-enhancing material such as kitty litter mixed with the seed will aid in uniformity and enable the system to handle the seed.

Spread half of the seed in one direction horizontally and the remaining seed in the other direction vertically. Follow by rolling or tracking the seed to achieve good seed-to-soil contact. Cover with a light layer of straw mulch. A cultipacker is an excellent way of covering the seed with a minimum amount of soil to ensure proper seed-to-soil contact. It resembles a large rolling pin with evenly spaced ridges and dimples. This method consists of heavy-duty smooth, spoke or crowfoot rollers that provide clod-breaking and smoothing capabilities.

As with any tillage, it is important not to overwork the soil or work it when it is too wet. Sprayers come in various sizes and styles, including common hand-held units like that shown here.

These are often preferred for carefully targeted spraying of unwanted or invasive vegetation. Larger areas may be effectively sprayed using tractor- or ATV-drawn tank units. Prior to using any herbicide, read the label for safe handling and application information. Many herbicides are only available to licensed applicators.

When these are needed, employee a licensed professional. A straw-mulch blower is used to distribute mulch over a seeded area. It consists of a slide or chute in which to feed the mulch, chopper blades for chopping and breaking up the mulch and a blower for spreading the mulch over large areas.

Straw mulch can be spread by hand in smaller areas. Note: To minimize potential weed issues, it is important to use weed-free straw. A discbine mower is a hay-harvesting machine with high-speed rotary discs that mow biomass for baling and assembles the material into a windrow.

A rotary mower easily mows existing vegetation.