Medically what does dm stand for

Worldwide, the total number of people with diabetes is projected to rise from about million in to million in the year Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 85 percent to 95 percent of all diagnosed cases of diabetes and is associated with a number of serious long-term complications, which are a major cause of morbidity, hospitalization and mortality in diabetic patients. More evidence is becoming available that both lifestyle and clinical intervention in the pre-diabetic condition are effective in slowing down progression of pre-diabetes to overt diabetes.

Over many centuries, several forms of traditional medicine have developed which are often based on fundamental principles that differ from those of "Western" medicine. One of the most prominent characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine TCM , is a more holistic approach to the functioning and disfunctioning of living organisms. Every healthy organism is in a Yin Yang balance and is considered to be a complex interplay between body and mind.

Western medicine relies on detailed classification of diseases, empirical investigations and treatments targeting those disorders. However, "Western medicine" is showing an increased interest in traditional forms of medicine.

Objectives: The primary objective of the present study is to determine consistency in classification of DM type 2 in three categories as defined by Traditional Chinese Medicine TCM in pre-diabetic subjects. Secondary objectives are to find relationships between diagnosis according to TCM and risk profile according to Western approach fasting glucose and HbA1c in plasma, age, BMI, waist circumference.

Another objective is to find relationships between classification of risk for DM type 2 according to TCM and objective parameters. The progress in research, especially metabolomics, as the ultimate phenotyping, has been shown to enable the efficacy study of complex mixtures such as Traditional Chinese Medicine TCM in complex biological systems, bridging it with molecular pharmacology.

The present study is especially designed to explore biomarkers and tools for early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 with objective Western markers and TCM.

Study design: This study is designed as an explorative study. Intervention: No administration of a study substance will take place. General measurements as BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure and heart rate variability will be conducted. Next to these measurements also the following parameters will be established. Biophoton emission: a recording of the energy field and balance based on analysis of intensity and quantum stochastic nature of light from both hands ventral and dorsum , in combination with both right-left and dorsal-ventral symmetry of both hands.

Heart rate is affected by both sympathetic and parasympathetic input. These two branches of the autonomic control system affect both heart rate and changes in heart rate. Cardiac autonomic balance, also called sympatho-vagal balance, is the combined effect of parasympathetic inhibitory and sympathetic excitatory innervation of the heart and can be considered the main determinant of the regulation of heart rate and can be quantified by means of electrocardiography ECG measurements and spectral analysis.

Metabolomics to be applied in this study consists of a number of methods based on LC-MS and GC-MS technology to determine relative concentrations of endogenous metabolites in biological samples blood and urine. Subscribe for Updates. Editorial Policy. Learn more. Cite this page. Topic Name. Message If ARUP Consult does not answer your test selection and interpretation questions, or if you would like to suggest ways to improve content or usability, please send a message to the Consult editorial staff.

ARUP will only use your email address to respond to your feedback. See the ARUP privacy policy for more information regarding email use. Leave this field blank. Quick Answers for Clinicians What are the limitations of hemoglobin A1c testing? When should diabetes-related autoantibody testing be used? Why is it important to distinguish type 1 from type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Diagnosis Diabetes is diagnosed based on plasma blood glucose or A1c criteria. Initial Testing Fasting Plasma Blood Glucose An FPG test measures the amount of sugar in the blood without the effect of food intake and is a good indicator of glucose metabolism. Hemoglobin A1c The A1c test is used to assess glycemic control. Molecular Analysis Genetic testing is recommended in patients suspected of having monogenic diabetes syndromes , such as neonatal diabetes ND or maturity-onset diabetes of the young MODY , to verify genetic etiology, establish treatment, and identify affected family members.

Monitoring Routine Glycemic Control A1c concentration has strong predictive value for diabetes complications, and A1c testing should be performed routinely in all patients with diabetes. Consider screening patients with T1DM for autoimmune thyroid disease and celiac disease soon after diagnosis, as autoimmune diseases occur more frequently in individuals with T1DM.

Consider screening for hypogonadism with a morning serum testosterone measurement in men with diabetes who have signs or symptoms of hypogonadism. Glucose, Plasma or Serum Glucose Tolerance Test Glucose Screen, Pregnancy Hemoglobin A1c Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Insulin Antibody Zinc Transporter 8 Antibody Genetic Tests. Other Tests. May aid in monitoring glucose control for diabetes in specific disorders. Fructosamine Medical Experts Contributor.

Grace M. Kroner, PhD. Lauren N. Joely A. Professor of Pathology Clinical , University of Utah. Additional Resources. Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Metabolic Syndrome. Exercise, weight control and sticking to your meal plan can help control your diabetes. You should also monitor your blood glucose level and take medicine if prescribed. The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health.

Diabetes Also called: Diabetes mellitus, DM. See, Play and Learn Videos and Tutorials. Resources Reference Desk Find an Expert. Start Here. Diagnosis and Tests. Prevention and Risk Factors.

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